The Mind of Kurt Vonnegut - 946 Words

The Mind of Kurt Vonnegut Kurt Vonnegut is one of the preeminent writers of the later half of the twentieth century. His works are all windows into his mind, a literary psychoanalysis. He examines himself as a cog in the corporate machine in Deer in the Works; as a writer through the eyes of Kilgore Trout in several works; and most importantly, as a prisoner of war in Slaughterhouse-Five. Vonnegut created short stories and novels that dealt with events in his life. One of the most obvious self examinations is in Deer in the Works. The short story is based on his experiences as a publicist at the General Electric Company Research Laboratory in Schenectady, New York. Deer in the Works†¦show more content†¦There he began to recall the events that occurred there in 1945. The protagonist of Slaughterhouse-Five is Billy Pilgrim. His situation in the war was identical to Vonnegutà ¸s, and Pilgrim is used by Vonnegut to examine what happened in Dresden. Pilgrim has the ability to travel in time, the manifestation of Vonnegutà ¸s 1968 trip to Dresden. Pilgrim relives the night the city of Dresden was destroyed, and ponders the uselessness of the act. After the publishing of Slaughterhouse-Five in 1969, Vonnegut told Playboy, I didnà ¸t have to write at all anymore if I didnà ¸t want to (Wampeters 280). Slaughterhouse-Five helped Kurt Vonnegut lay to rest some of the memories that had haunted him since 1945. Vonnegut later claimed, The importance of Dresden in my life has been considerably exaggerated because my book about it became a best seller. If the book hadnà ¸t been a best seller, it would seem like a very minor experience in my life. And I donà ¸t think peopleà ¸s lives are changed by short-term events like that. Dresden was astonishing, but experiences can be astonishing without changing you (Reed 776). Despite these claims to the contrary, the experiences at Dresden had always played a large part in his writings.Show MoreRelatedThe Heart, Mind And Soul, By Kurt Vonnegut952 Words   |  4 PagesEquality; the most sought after desire in society. Each person has the felt the disease of envy for another’s talent, wisdom, or beauty. The heart, mind and soul are never replicated between two humans. This places one’s envy as a never ending cycle. Kurt Vonnegut’s story, Harrison Bergeron, focuses on the theme that society and government aspire to make all citizens equal by restricting them and making all handicapped for the purpose of obedience only to inadvertently achieve inequality. TheRead MoreSlaughterhouse Five by Kurt Vonnegut Essay821 Words   |  4 PagesIn an interview on Slaughterhouse Five, Kurt Vonnegut states, â€Å"I worked as a miner of corpses, breaking into cellars where over a hundred thousand Hansel and Gretels were baked like gingerbread men† (â€Å"Vonnegut†). Vonnegut Jr. (1922-2007), born during the Modern Age, wrote his first story in 1947, known as the Contemporary Period. The Modern Age was different from the Contemporary Period because of its focus on art while trying to connect with traditions in the world due to their desire to have aRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five 1634 Words   |  7 PagesKurt Vonnegut once said, â€Å"So it goes† to describe the unavoidableness of fate. This aspect of seeing terrible things and being able to continue on would become a main theme in his novels. Vonnegut, as an author, received his essential voice by writing about his own experiences, using what would become his signature pessimistic yet humanist view. Vonnegut is described by Lindsay Clark as, â€Å"Worse than a pessimist†¦ he is an eternal optimist doomed to disappointment† (Clark, â€Å"Viewing Four Vonnegut NovelsRead MoreEssay about Uniformity and Deformity in Harrison Bergeron946 Words   |  4 Pagesthis essay, I will attempt to explore what Kurt Vonnegut illustrated in his short story Harrison Bergeron--the fact that uniformity (of any kind) leads to the loss of individuality, and therefore to absolute deformity of humanness. The year was 2081, and everybody was finally equal, the story begins. They werent only equal before God and the law. They were equal in every which way. (Vonnegut 1968:7) In this haunting story, Vonnegut probably wanted to warn our society of similarRead MoreEssay about Slaughterhouse-Five: A Peace Novel1419 Words   |  6 Pages Many of these examples tend to reflect feelings against war. Kurt Vonnegut is no different and his experience with war inspired him to write a series of novels starting with Slaughter-House Five. It is a unique novel expressing Vonneguts feelings about war. These strong feeling can be seen in the similarities between characters, information about the Tralfamadorians, dark humor, and the structure of the novel. Kurt Vonnegut is an American novelist from Indianapolis, Indiana, born in 1922Read MoreThe Madness of War1458 Words   |  6 Pageshumanity. Kurt Vonnegut’s experiences as a prisoner of war during World War II inspired his critically hailed novel Slaughterhouse-Five (1969), in which characters continually search for meaning in the aftermath of mankind’s irrational cruelty (Kurt Vonnegut: 1922-2007 287). Both the main character, Billy Pilgrim, and Vonnegut have been in Dresden for the firebombing, and that is what motivates their narrative (Klinkowitz 335). In his anti-war novel Slaughterhouse-Five, Kurt Vonnegut expressesRead MoreKurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five 1490 Words   |  6 Pages4 April 2016 Vonnegut Reveals Suffering Through Billy Pilgrim Kurt Vonnegut was an American author who published a variety of works including novels, short stories, plays, and a few works of non-fiction. Kurt Vonnegut explains how war and the experiences that come with it can cause suffering to the minds of people that it affects. In his novel Slaughterhouse-Five, Kurt Vonnegut uses his novel to focus on his anti-war stance by showcasing humanity s suffering due to war. Vonnegut reveals this sufferingRead MoreKurt Vonnegut Analysis1239 Words   |  5 PagesKurt Vonnegut The Nonsense of War and Billy Pilgrim The firebombing of Dresden by the Allies took as many as 135,000 innocent lives (AE). Among those firebombed, there was Kurt Vonnegut, a U.S. POW during World War II being held captive by the Nazis (AE). Strategically, the firebombing was senseless (AE). Many have speculated that the purpose of the bombing was to disrupt the Nazi war machine, which would make sense if it wasn’t for the fact that Dresden contained no heavy industry (AE). TheRead MoreStyle Analysis of Kurt Vonnegut on Slaughterhouse Five1623 Words   |  7 Pagesbrilliant piece of literature. One example, for instance, is Kurt Vonnegut who may have been stimulated by the war, thus writing Slaughterhouse Ââ€" Five. Though one may categorize this piece as science fiction or even auto - biographical, it can also be interpreted as an anti Ââ€" war piece. Because Vonnegut is classified as a post modernist, one can take into account all the details, such as the similarities between the main character and Vonne gut, the Tralfamadorians, and the style and themes of the novelRead MoreEssay on Kurt Vonnegut’s novels Cat’s Cradle and Slaughterhouse-Five1365 Words   |  6 Pagesand look at all those X’s†¦ No damn cat and no damn cradle,† Vonnegut writes is his appropriately titled book Cat’s Cradle. A cat’s cradle is a string trick we all grew up learning and seeing, and it is just as Vonnegut described, nothing. Everyday we experience things like a cat’s cradle; we experience insignificant objects, feelings, or idols that we base our life on. We base and change our lives off of things with no real significance. Kurt Vonnegut’s novels Cat’s Cradle and Slaughterhouse-Five demonstrate

Essay about My Personal Exercise Plan - 904 Words

My Personal Exercise Plan The sport I will be training for is Golf. Specific fitness requirements of that activity Upper and lower body strength: To be able to resist the force of the golf club and to be able to hit the ball further Power: To be able to increase length to my shots allowing me to hit the ball further with more control Flexibility: To be able to complete a trunk rotation whenever needed and to turn completely to make a follow though so that the body can then clear the way for the club, also allows straighter and more accurate shots. Balance: To be able to hold the golf swing and follow-through posture for the amount of time needed for the ball to come to rest,†¦show more content†¦So my cardiovascular endurance could be improved further.  · Flexibility I can easily improve this by stretching every night. I was disappointed with my sit and reach results as they showed that I am not that flexible, and in golf this is a key feature. Things that I need to maintain:  · My fitness level, as I am pleased with this.  · My grip strength, as it helps strengthen forearms and they are a key muscle in golf. Current exercise regime Daily program Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 7.00-14.45 School School P.e School School School P.e x2 18 hole competition * 18 hole competition 15.00-20.00 10 press + sit ups + swing training Rest Rest *9 holes practice + weight training 9 holes practice and 10 press + sit ups Rest 10 press + sit ups + swing training *Sometimes I play on this day Identifying additional training To achieve the requirements I want, I will need to improve my muscle power, strength and endurance. The exercises I will carry out to achieve this are; a certain amount of press-ups and sit-ups gradually increasing the amount as the program runs through, I will also add in pull upsShow MoreRelatedMy Plan For A Workout Process995 Words   |  4 Pageshow often you exercise. It s the balance of how much you do or don t work out. Intensity is described as how hard you exercise. It’s how much you push yourself. As we all know, time is the amount of time you spend exercising and how long you do so. With Type, it is what type of exercise you undertake in the workout process. I will be using all four of these in my two week program as I exercise. On day one of my exercise prescription I will start light with a steady paced jog. My frequency willRead MorePersonal Statement For A Fitness Trainer987 Words   |  4 Pages The topic of the Unit 4 Assignment is Outlining your Profession. My desired profession is to be a fitness trainer. I strive to motivate and inspire others to live a healthy lifestyle. Although a degree is not required to complete this goal, I feel that a Bachelor of Science in Health and Wellness from Kaplan will give me a better understanding of the human body and broaden my career path. I will gain knowledge from Kaplan to exceed in the fitness world. Fitness trainers help individual’s reachRead MoreThe Key to Having a Successful Exercise Program636 Words   |  3 Pageshave a plan. Having a plan is most important because not only does it keep you on track with your training, but it also is a way to figure out what works best for your body and it is a way to get the desired look according to your personal desires. The best way to regulate a exercise program is to change it up every three to four weeks to keep your body guessing, but for now I am going to use my own personal two week plan as an example. After listing my plan, I will explain how this plan correspondsRead MoreMy Personal Goals Of A Workout At The Payne Center On Campus At Southern Miss1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe area of my life that I need to improve and change for a healthier lifestyle is to exercise consistently and make a conscience effort to reduce the stress I experience. Specifically, I chose my personal goal of developing a specific gym workout at the Payne Center on campus at Southern Miss, three times weekly. I chose this area of my life to change because I understand that exercise could help lessen the anxiety that I often experience. The influencing factors of selecting this particular goalRead MoreReflection On Self Reflection809 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-Reflection The purpose of this paper is to explain how I will plan to implement effective choices in improving a change in personal behavior and the improvement tours my fitness attitude. Wellness has a broader definition, than health, which it’s definition is the absence of disease and wellness is defined as the optimal health and vitality to living a healthy and fulfilling life. Also, is a process in which we become aware and we make choices to a better lifestyle. Maintaining an excellentRead MoreGen 200 Personal Responsibility Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Responsibility Goes Hand-in-Hand with Success GEN200 September 30, 2012 1 I define personal responsibility as being in charge of myself. Personal responsibility goes hand-in-hand with success because it is possible to fail if I am undisciplined with my time management. Being undisciplined can cause me to procrastinate. Maintaining good health is vital to my academic success. I must be aware of the consequences of managing my health poorly. Controlling stress levels ensures that I amRead MoreMy Eating Habits Of Losing My Weight Since My Last Year Of High School974 Words   |  4 PagesI wanted to manage my eating habits to lose my weight since my last year of high school because I noticed myself when I face in the mirror. It was a bad experience that I had in my life because I want to lose my weight for consider for my health as well. However, I could not follow up to balance my eating habits because I could not handle within my stress from school, workplace, and financial crisis. Also, I could not find the place to live in after I transferred into the UC Irvine last year becauseRead MorePersonal Statement : My Personal Wellness Plan826 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Wellness Plan The goal I chose is to live a healthy lifestyle which in terms will add years to my life. In this transformation I chose to eat healthier, exercise more, drink plenty water and add supplements to my personal wellness plan. I will devote a significant amount of time to each area of this wellness plan over the next eight weeks to get the ultimate results. Below are specific goals and a plan of action that I will be doing over the course of eight weeks; in an effort to makeRead MoreMy Physical Fitness Assignment1518 Words   |  7 Pagestiredness. Fitness assignment opened my eyes to see and understand that exercise is a tool that is important for maintaining optimum health, quality life and to keep fit. At the beginning of the fitness assignment, I listed my personal fitness goals which are: to lose my belly fat, become more active and increase my energy level. Before this time, I was not active enough and I did not meet the minimum activity standards. Anytime I have reason to climb s tairs, I always lose my breath. As a result of this IRead MorePersonal Fitness Portfolio Summative Evaluation Reflection Paper853 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Fitness Portfolio Summative Evaluation Reflection Paper 1. What did you set out to do? (What were your overall goals?) My overall goals were to gain better personal fitness. I wanted to be able to improve my fitness appraisal test scores for pushups, curlups, and wall sits in four weeks. I wanted to be able to do 30 pushups/minute, 40 curlups/minute and wall sits for a continuous 2 mins. I wanted to achieve these goals by the next fitness appraisal testing, after about four weeks time. 2

Importance of Physical Education Free Essays

Childhood is the best period to learn, shape or change behaviors. It is recognized worldwide that the healthy, physically active child is more likely to be academically motivated, alert and successful in school and more likely to adopt behaviours that will foster good health throughout life thereby promoting lifelong wellness. The school is being increasingly perceived as the hub of efforts to promote health and well being of our children. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Physical Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the growing popularity of private tuition, multimedia technology and the presence of television in practically all Mauritian homes, today’s youngsters are more likely to spend their leisure time in sedentary activities with limited opportunities for social interaction. Hence, exploring approaches in promoting physical activity and social interaction in the daily lives of this younger generation has become an urgent need. Health and Physical Education (HPE) in the school curriculum proves to be an effective means to address this need. Through a life-skills approach to PE, children can develop the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values to grow into healthy, physically active adolescents and productive adults. HPE is intended to address not only the physical, but also the social and emotional dimensions of health, thus fostering the overall development of the child. There is evidence showing that effective teaching of HPE promotes self-esteem, helps children to develop responsible friendships, enables them to accept personal differences and inculcates in them a sense of respect for others. The physical education learning objectives should include objectives in developing the psycho motor domain, cognitive domain and affective domain of individual students. Physical education for students aims at: * Developing knowledge and skills relating to physical activity, aesthetic development, and social development. Developing confidence and ability to master basic motor skills that will encourage participation in various physical activities. * Obtaining and maintaining an optimal degree of physical fitness to perform daily tasks efficiently and in control. * Developing personal values through participation in physical activity both corporately and individually. * Participating in physical activities that can develop social skills that enable students to function effectively in relationships between people. Enjoying the fun and joy through physical activity, including sports games. However, it should also be taken into consideration that though Physical Education is included into our curriculum, in very few schools it is being taught. There are various reasons why though included in the curriculum, it is not implemented. Some of the reasons are: * Many schools don’t have the proper infrastructures and equipment, for example, some schools don’t even have a playground or there is very few equipment. It is also perceived by some teachers to be a waste of time. We can often hear them saying that if they indulge in PE classes completing the syllabus will be a problem for them as they might not complete it in time. * Whoever it’s not always the teachers to be blamed. There are teachers who actually want to do PE classes but th e headmaster or headmistress might not agree with him/ her. The given reason is often that taking the students out will disturb the normal running of the other classes as there will be noise. How to cite Importance of Physical Education, Papers

Digital Business Strategy Next Generation of Insight

Question: Describe about Time Warner, Inc. as the company for this research paper and also discuss for Strategic Management course? Answer: Introduction Hanif and Yunfei (2013) have stated that Porters generic strategy demonstrates how a company pursues competitive advantage across its selected market. Cost leadership, differentiation, cost focus and differentiation focus are the major four parts that determines the competitive advantage of the company. In this particular task, the focus would be shed on the adopted generic strategies of the company Time Warner Inc. and how the company has strengthened its generic strategies through complementary strategies that have moved into the existing industry. Apart from that, it is also important to mention the strategies adopted by the company to take entry into the foreign market and the importance of the strategies from several perspectives (Bharadwaj et al., 2013). Significantly, the learner has tried to evaluate the role of the CEOs and the other executives of the company in leading positions of the company for a long-term success. In order to carry on the entire study, Time Warner Inc. has been taken into consideration and this is a global leader in the media and entertainment with enhanced businesses in the television networks and firm and TV entertainment (Time Warner Inc., 2016). The company uses its industry leading operating scale as well as brands to create, package as well as deliver high quality content internationally on a multiple platform basis (Mellahi Frynas, 2015). Defining the strategies for the foreign market entry From the company website, it can be found that the company had the initial aim to become the worlds leading video content company. The company has enough reputation in the existing market as one of the top media and entertainment companies. The benefits for the employees, the employee diversity resource group, adopted green initiatives as well as volunteer programs are strong enough and these are the key factors that have helped the company to take part in the foreign market. The demand of media and entertainment market has been gradually increasing globally and this is one of the major facilities for Time Warner Inc. to expand in different parts of the world. In the year 1990, Time Inc. and Warner Communication merger together to form Time Warner Inc. and this was one of the major strategic decisions for the company to have a strong hold in the existing market (Time Warner Inc., 2016). Prcising the definitions of the changes that are highly required. Specification of how the new working methods will affect particular people and the groups. These two were the base of the adopted strategies that helped the company to take entry into the international market. Offering some of the attractive packages for the employees as well as the customers depending on the need of the market are some of the strong strategies that the company has taken care of. Identifying the strategic approaches for competing internationally The company has been shedding importance on effective approaches in order to compete in the international market. These have been discussed here in details. The company has been planning on preparing the cable bundle to be more attractive. Cable networks like TBS, TNT and CVV generate more than one third of the entire revenue (Time Warner Inc., 2016). Therefore, it is clear enough to say that in order to attract large number of customers and enhance the business presence; the company has been making their package highly attractive. The company as well has planned to cut the guidance and is expecting to earn about an adjusted $6 per share next year but has trimmed the guidance during the call. The company has engaged itself into detail market analysis and this has helped the company. Outlining the ways through which the company gains competitive advantages from international operations. In this part, focus would be shed on the ways through which the company gains competitive advantages from their international operations. The company uses their industry leading scales as well as brands in order to increase investments in the best storytelling. It has been clear from the detailed market analysis that Time Warner Inc. has been highly focusing on its growth for HBO. HBO has been one of the popular channels and this is the home of Game of Thrones. Therefore, it is obvious enough to say that the company would focus on the enhanced collaborative relationship with HBO (Times, 2014). The company has been harnessing several new technologies as well as developing new business models in order to increase the value of their content to the valuable consumers along with the distributors and drive growth for the business. Market analysis has stated that South East Asia and European market are the two most emerging markets of this company and thus they have been designing their strategies likewise. Figure 1: Sales of Times Warner Inc. by geography (Source: Mellahi Frynas, 2015) The company has significantly increased their presence in the most attractive and productive international territories in regards to perceive advantages of growing demand for their content internationally (Time Warner Inc., 2016). From the company profile, it can be found that the company has been optimizing their operating as well as capital efficiency for providing attractive returns to the shareholders. Figure 2: Profitability Ration of Time Warner Inc (Source: Mellahi Frynas, 2015) The company believes that if they do not return an attractive amount to the stakeholders, the stakeholders would not like to invest in the company and this is one of the major concerns of expanding the business in the international level. Figure 3: Income Statement and Revenues of Time Warner, Inc (Source: Mellahi Frynas, 2015) Strategies of the company for competing in the international markets For this specific company Time Warner Inc., cost strategy is the best generic strategy and the company has chosen to be one of the best cost providers due to existing huge needs for differentiation. It is important to mention that there is a need to be competitively priced and thus the company has been planning to revise their present pricing strategy. Bharadwanj et al., (2013) has stated that the company has stiff price competition and this is especially true with the members of the big industry, at the time of offering bundles as well as standalone services that offer individual services at a cheaper rate. Therefore, it can be stated that the company is required to differentiate as well as change its pricing model to a more competitively priced one. Apart from that, it can be found that the industry in which the company operates has become highly standardized, especially with the rapid changes in technology. Moreover, there exist a strong competition among the existing companies an d thus the marketing strategy is required to be designed likewise in order to have maximum customer attention. The internal rivalry of this company is high and thus the company is required to look at this part carefully as this is considered as one of the opportunities of the company to explore. However, it has been found that the buyers power is low and this part demands proper as well as attractive marketing campaigns, so that the customers get to know a lot about the company along with their products as well as services (Times, 2014). If focus is shed on the performing industry, it can be found that the company is among stiff competition and the competitors are Netflix, Vudu, Hulu and Aamazon.com. Therefore, the strategies of the company are required to be differentiated enough, so that the customers prefer this company to the other companies and this could enhance the business growth of the company easily. Role of CEOs and executives of the company in leading and positioning of the company for the long-term business The CEO of Time Warner, Jeffrey Bewkes remarked that, he is confident about the strategy undertaken by his company for Media Corporation. He depicted that the companys earnings per share over the next several years would be double over next several years (Time Warner Inc., 2016). This shows his potential toward the strategic management of the international business. It has been revealed that, over the last four to five years, the CEO has contributed in the growth of the company at approximately 25% a year compound earnings/ share growth (Time Warner Inc., 2016). From the viewpoint of the CEO, the crucial element of his strategic plan for the company is to affiliate and collection of subscriber support for the network of the company (Hanif Yunfei, 2013). These are good strategies, as people are watching more videos throughout the world, they are beginning to like it more and they are getting it on demand, and that is a positive sign for the business. Recommendations of additional strategies for international market The company is doing well for expanding the business globally (Time Warner Inc., 2016). However, more strategic recommendations will help the organization to expand their business through the global market. Based on the 2012 annual report of the company, the company should set its goal to continuously expand their brand in international market. The company should begin to acquire or make partnership with cable networks within the emerging markets including Latin America, as there is only one subsidiary that they have in order to cover the total continent. Therefore, the best interest of Time Warner should be to increase the companys network scope and visibility in the emerging market like Latin America (Mellahi Frynas, 2015). The next recommendation would be selling or shutting down the video game sector of Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. The entertainment group should find an alternative to its business model for continuous generation of profit in gaming industry. The company should build on the concept of TV everywhere. The company had undertaken the initiative in 2009. This idea is simple but customers only have the access of content IF which they have in present (Times, 2014). Therefore, the company can offer interactive applications for specific networks after gaining knowledge about the network users, thereby enhancing their consumer volume. The company can sign deals with social networking sites for streaming contents and should differentiate their pricing models for the improvements and customer satisfaction in a global range. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that, Time Warner has established a sustainable position in the industry with the adoption and application of the generic model of globalization. The assignment included the definition of the foreign market entry strategy and how the company has been entered in the international market. The ways by which the company gained strategic competitiveness and benefits in their globalization, the strategies that has been applied by the company for competing in the international market has also been discussed in this study. Finally, some strategic recommendations have been enlisted for further growth and expansion of the company in global market. Reference List Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights.Mis Quarterly,37(2), 471-482. Hanif, M. I., Yunfei, S. (2013). The role of talent management and HR generic strategies for talent retention.African Journal of Business Management,7(29), 2827. Mellahi, K., Frynas, G. (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press. Time Warner Inc.. (2016). Timewarner.com. Retrieved 10 March 2016, from https://www.timewarner.com/ Times, L. (2014). Time Warner focuses on its growth strategy for HBO. latimes.com. Retrieved 10 March 2016, from https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-time-warner-hbo-20140923-story.html

Film Analysis Four Lions Essay Example

Film Analysis Four Lions Essay This stylistic analysis of a scene from the the film Four Lions aims to show how the four elements of filmmaking, namely, Mise-en-scene, Sound, Editing and Cinematography, draws attention to the personality, behaviourism and attitude of the characters as well as the development of the story arc. The scene chosen for this analysis displays not only the idiocy of four of the film’s main characters, Barry, Hassan, Waj and Faisal, but as well as their complete lack of common sense. It also highlights one of the main ideas of the film being a comedic satirical view of â€Å"bomb-making pratfalls and meathead jihadis† (Walters, Ben). The analysed scene appears almost an hour into the film at fifty-five minutes and twenty- two seconds and ends at fifty-six minutes and thirteen seconds. Four of five British Muslim buffoons blinded by their quest of martyrdom in the holy name of Jihad (a holy war waged on behalf of Islam as a religious duty) (Merriam-Webster) are experimenting with self-made explosives in an open field. Mentally-challenged Waj, touchy, white Islamic convert (Walters, Ben) as well as conspiracy spouting (McEntee, John) Barry, and young and cocky Hassan (Walters, Ben), camera phone in hand to catch the â€Å"action†, are watching bewildered and timid Faisal running frantically among a flock of sheep with bags full of bombs, trying not to blow himself. Only to trip on a wall causing impact to set them off and dumbfounded expressions to form on the jeering and laughing spectators faces. We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis Four Lions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis Four Lions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis Four Lions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The creative team members behind Four Lions have a long comedy pedigree which draws on a wide range of comedy modes and formats (Stafford, Roy). When the scene first opens the viewer sees that the men set up shelter in what appears to be a farmer’s enclosed garden. Only people as dense as them would think to experiment with explosives on a farm where animals are obliviously grazing. They don’t care what the blow up, it’s all â€Å"for a place in

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buy custom Risk Factors of CKD essay Diabetes The risk of suffering from kidney disease increases with the length of time one has had diabetes. High blood pressure (hypertension) - One of the kidneys functions is to regulate blood volume, which is an important factor in hypertension. Drug use, overuse of pain killers and allergic reactions to antibiotics may cause kidney inflammation that can lead to kidney failure. Macroalbuminaria A simple test can detect abnormal amounts of albumin in urine. These abnormal amounts increase vulnerability to chronic kidney disease. Low HDL cholesterol The good HDL cholesterol is more significant than total cholesterol, although high total cholesterol is also a risk factor. Trauma/accident, some surgeries and certain radio-contrast dyes that doctors use to monitor blood flow can damage the kidneys or reduce blood flow to the kidneys, causing acute kidney failure. Sometimes acute kidney failure will get better, but it may lead to CKD. Family history of kidney disease- individuals from families that have a medical history of any kidney disease are at a high risk of suffering. Premature Birth About one in five very premature infants (less han 32 weeks gestation) may have calcium deposits in the kidney nephrons. This condition is termed as nephrocalcinosis. Sometimes, individuals with this condition may go on to develop kidney problems later in life. Age-The highest risk factor is living to be more than 60 years old. This is because kidney functioning is greatly reduced in older people. Inflammation- C-Reactive protein is an important biomarker of inflammation. A test result of 12.8 mg/dl was identified as the highest risk, while a result of 0.21 was the lowest risk. Low income- just like any other health issue, low income earners are at higher risk because of poor access to health facilities. Race/ethnicity-According to study, Non-Hispanic whites have the highest risk, followed by non-Hispanic blacks. Mexican Americans have the lowest risk. Periodontal status Any stage of gum disease is a risk factor. Other diseases like systematic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell anemia, cancer, AIDS, hepatitis C, and congestive heart failure According to a certain study, a non-Hispanic white over the age of 60 with high blood pressure, high C-creative protein, and high albumin in the urine has a 72% probability of chronic kidney diisease. Someone with all the risk factors has a 98% probability. Symptoms of chronic kidney disease Changes in urination: color, contents, frequency of urination and the amount of urine. Swelling in the event of kidney failure, excretory substances including extra fluids accumulate in various body parts. This causes the body parts to swell. Other symptoms include: loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, skin rashes/itching, metallic taste in the mouth/ammonia breath, dizziness and lack of concentration, leg/flank pains, shortness of breath, a feeling of coldness, high blood pressure, chest and bone pains. Prevention and medication Chronic kidney disease can be managed with diet annual check-ups. It is mostly prevented by treating the risk factors and any other disease whose symptoms are observed. Proper lifestyle like avoiding smoking, eating low fat food, and regular exercises are also necessary. Therapy (ACEi or ARB) are used in the early stages of the disease. Its goal is to halt or slow down progression to stage 5. During advance stages of the disease, dialysis or a kidney transplant should be done so as to rescue the situation. Buy custom Risk Factors of CKD essay

Curation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Curation - Essay Example The nature of the curator in creating an exhibit is in finding a way to define who, in the artist to curator relationship, designs what the viewer will see. According to Rugg and Sedgwick, the division between the curator and the artist creates a dilemma on how the eventual outcome of the viewing of the art can be determined. They state that â€Å"The heightened preoccupation with the authorial aspect of curating might be seen as a defensive reaction to the shared critical and cultural values and criteria through which the institutional power of curating is mediated and legitimized† (97). In discussing the authority of the act of curating, one is discussing the way in which the position of the curator becomes one of control in determining some of the interpretation of the work of the artist. In developing an exhibit of contemporary art, the nature of the exhibit must engage the viewer in such a way to put them in a space that provides context for the pieces that are shown. The pieces should have a â€Å"passive social and material relationship dominated by the eye and a fashionable sense of order (Harding 39). As the observer moves through the space, the arrangement of the pieces should create a narrative, a sense of theme that pulls the viewer through the exhibit (Burton 112). There has been some movement towards anti-curation, the nature of the anti-art movement spilling over to include the negation of curation as a viable part of the experience of art (O’Neill and Andreasen 60). However, this movement denies the importance of how art is placed, thus denying the viewer of the best possible positioning of art within the space. Within the narrative, the curator is not necessarily intended to create a specific, tangible narration, but the feeling of the space as it relates to the work becomes a moving spectacle of thought. That is the relationship that creates the narration of the space. The work that I will be exhibiting has a narrative that spea ks of a culture and of the changes within that culture. Artefacts have the capacity of creating a narrative about a culture, just like art can create that same type of narrative when focused on aspects of culture (Stokes 67). This is not always true of a space in which contemporary work is exhibited. However, with the story of a culture involved, the narrative takes on a life that exposes the art for the way it will affect the viewer. With a set of work that is in touch with an organic element of a culture, such as my work, the nature of the exhibit should not be to have a linear or boxed in feeling from the way in which the artwork is arranged. The work is about nature, about the curves and nuances of life, thus to have a squared off exhibit or something that was directly linear would ruin the potential experience that the viewer can have as they engage the work. In Mediated Environments, Gleiniger, Hilbeck, and Scott discuss the way in which multiple disciplines can create a feeli ng for certain environments (9). In creating an environment that enhances the subject of the art, the exhibit will reflect the aesthetic that has been attempted in the artwork. The nature of an exhibit that includes something about an

Mental Health - Self Harm Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Mental Health - Self Harm - Research Paper Example This research study adopts an ‘interpretivism’ epistemology because the qualitative approach is more investigative (Goldkuhl, 2012, p. 138-140). This is because understanding the suitability of medical practices and tools qualitatively requires the use of distinctive opinions and thoughts than it is in using quantitative methodology. Besides, the study focuses on answering epistemic questions mainly approaching practice as knowledge as well as understanding the nature and validity of the knowledge generated through practice as is to be gotten from practitioners. Qualitative literature will also be very useful in this epistemological approach in studying the subject outlined (Carter and Little, 2007, 1317). Nevertheless, this epistemology has prolonged data collection, which means that more time would be consumed and the processes would be complex. This study is focused in studying the topic within the US particularly within the medical school health care facilities. This is partly because the facilities are research facilities in nature and thus they are expected to facilitate the effectiveness of the research through factual data as well as willingness to collaborate with the researcher for the success of the study. Focusing on studying the phenomena in US is also informed by the ever-rising cases of mental health and such cases of health harm as consumption of poisonous substances and inflicting the body with pain from scratches and hitting on rough surfaces (Gardner, 2008, p. 31-32.). The population targeted in this study is that of persons within medical school heath hospitals, those that have had at least three years of experience with the mentally ill within the particular hospitals. Three hospitals are to be selected for the collection of data and the sampling tactic to be employed in choosing is based on geographical location. Urban-based medical school facility will have priority over rural based facility for ease of convenience in accessibility.

Milton Babbitt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Milton Babbitt - Essay Example Such a composer creates a commodity that has negative market value and is little performed. A condition of musical and societal isolation is created which gives the composer an advantageous position to forward his music. It also results in the creation of new music. The music employs a tonal quality that is more efficient than its derivatives. The increase of meaningful pitch materials and the functions associated with the musical event would be multiplied. Each event is located in a five dimensional musical space that is determined by pitch-class, register, dynamic, duration and timbre. Musical compositions under discussion possess a high degree of contextuality and autonomy. The principles of relatedness which determines the coherence of continuity are more likely to evolve in the course of the work rather than from generalized assumptions. In many fundamental respects this music is â€Å"new†. It represents a vast extension of the methods of other music. Such rooted composition elicits comparable knowledge and experience from the listener. A listener will be puzzled and bored by such a composition. This is understandable but what is undesirable is the translation of this boredom into resentment. Advanced music reflects the knowledge and originality of the composer. It can scarcely be expected to appear intelligible to a person whose musical knowledge is less than extensive. A person with limited knowledge of music is not capable of understanding advanced music just as a layman is not equipped to make sense out of advanced mathematical theories. Circularity seems to be the norm where criticism is concerned and personal tastes are converted based on general principles. For most critics, the music they dislike is â€Å"not music† and if they do not like the music of certain composers, then they are â€Å"not composers.† Therefore passing judgment or criticism on music is best left to professional journals. The music critic understands that

Literature review on Critical and Reflective learning

Literature review on Critical and Reflective learning The following literature review will focus on the concept of critical and reflective learning. Critical and reflective learning is used the world over in various academic institutions and in professional practice. Firstly it would be imperative that critical reflection is defined. Following on from this a discussion shall take place around the various frameworks and theories offered by various theorists on the subject. Finally a critical review of the underlying thinking which underlies much of the policy making process in Ireland will be undertaking. There are various definitions used to explain the process of critical reflection. At a very basic level, critical reflection (CR) occurs when and individual questions either their own ideas or the ideas of another. However as Van Woerkom (2010) suggests there are many different schools of thought on what is involved in the critical reflection process. For example the ideological form of critical reflection would focus on challenging and questioning dominant or unjust ideologies. The psychoanalytical school of CR is focused more on the individual and involves the reframing of personal issues or problems. The analytical model of CR is the process of mentally analysing arguments in the hope of guiding ones beliefs or actions. Finally the pragmatist constructivism school of CR relates to the evaluation of various forms of information in an attempt to provide a solution, while at the same time recognising that the solution itself is open to further questioning (Van Woerkom, 2010). What se ems obvious from these definitions is the fact that the questioning and reflection of a perceived reality at both a societal and personal level are fundamental in each process. Furthermore it seems apparent that the issues that each school is addressing can all impact upon one another. For instance it could be argued that the psychological wellbeing of an individual could be greatly influenced by the dominant ideology within a society. Addressing only the psychological issues with the psychoanalytical approach may prove fruitless, if societal influences causing psychological distress are not addressed. Various theorists have dissected the critical reflection process on a much deeper level. Dewey in ((1933, in Boud et al,1994)suggests that reflection is the process of an individual recapturing their experience, thinking about it and assessing it. He believed that reflection was initiated by an inner uneasiness caused by an individual becoming disillusioned with their current reality. Reflection may also be instigated by a positive experience. The individual may wish to learn what worked in the positive experience, in order to repeat the behaviour that brought about the positive experience. Deweys main focus was centred on the notion that reflection is a highly rational exercise which is based in an evidence based approach which focused on skills and attitudes. However as various authors suggest Deweys focus on skills and attitudes is limited and fails to allow for the affective (emotional) element involved in the learning process ( Boud et al, 1994, Rawson, 2000). Another limiting aspect of Deweys theory was the presumption that one would first have to make a mistake in order to learn from it. Kolb Fry (1975) believed that for effective learning to occur the learner would have to complete a cycle of learning, broken down into four stages: Concrete experience, observation and reflection, forming abstract concepts, testing them in new situations. In essence, an individual begins the learning process by becoming involved in a new experience, which they then reflect upon internally in order to make sense of the experience. The individual then hypothesises about different theories and then applies such theories in new situations. It should be noted that an individual may start in any stage and switch between these stages. And many learners may only use two of the stages, depending upon their learning style (Kolb Fry 1975 ). Donald Schon (1995) has built upon Deweys concept by introducing the idea of double looped learning. He suggested that the majority of learning in everyday life occurred at a level where individuals used previous held values and assumptions to inform their present action (single looped learning). However Double Looped learning involves a deeper level of reflection where individuals question these values and assumptions and subject them to critical investigation. . Agryis (1999) uses an analogy of how a thermostat responds to room temperature by turning on the heat if the room gets to cold and turning it off when it gets to warm. The thermostat responds by receiving signals from the room temperature. He contended that this equated to a human being receiving positive or negative signals about their actions and then changing their actions (Single loop learning). Going back to the thermostat analogy, double looped learning would ask the question, why the room got too hot or cold in the f irst place. The same goes for human beings when they question the underlying assumptions which informed their actions in the first place. Such learning is not limited to the individual and such learning could be applied to organisations and society (Agryis, 1999), However as Rawson (2000) suggests, many institutions seem to treat intellect as absolute and dont allow for the questioning necessary in the critical reflection process. He goes on to suggest that society works on a basis of having power over, rather than power with. He believed that such an approach was evident in many educational institutions. He advocates the notion of learning to learn where the relevance of various aspects of knowledge continued to be questioned and challenged. Rawson argues that knowledge is not a final product and contends that the meaning and understanding process is more important than the end product. His analysis is closely linked with the teachings of Paulo Friere. Frieres (1998) CR theory was rooted firmly in the ideological school of thought. He believed the educational system served to reproduce the status quo which was influenced by the dominant ideological discourse. He was of the opinion that educators should challenge the status quo through challenging students to question the dominant discourse, which he believed served to reproduce inequalities. He stressed the importance of dialogue within the education system, as he believed without dialogue; true education could not take place. Hooks (1994) captures the notion of education without dialogue when she speaks of her experience as an undergraduate and graduate student. She suggests that the majority of lecturers used the classroom as an avenue to exert their view of the world upon students. Friere (1998) did not advocate a non directive approach to education, however he did stress it should be the process and not the student that should be directed. Friere (1998) recognised that each stu dent had their own unique life experience and contended that the students experience was invaluable in the learning experience. Very basically Friere (1998) was of the opinion that education was more about enabling students to question and challenge the commonly held knowledge within society. Meizrow (1994) also spoke about reflection in terms of transformation. Mezirow (1994) described reflective learning as a process in which the learner has to consider or reconsider certain assumptions they may hold about themselves or the world. He argued that the most effective reflection occurred when the learner discovers their assumptions to be in some way weakened. It causes the learner to look at reasons why their assumptions have caused them to reach decisions or to react in a certain way and to maybe re-evaluate their assumptions. He explained that when the learner accepts that their past assumptions may have been incorrect they have created a transformative space and within that space they can be open to engaging in new-found knowledge. This, he believes, can lead to a deeper level of reflective practice. As mentioned earlier emotions can play an important part in such a process Boud et al (1994) suggest that past experiences can greatly determine an individuals ability to learn in new situations. If learning was only centred in the transfer of knowledge from one individual to another, learning would be a smooth occurrence and each individual would take in knowledge with minimal difficulty. However emotions such as anxiety can cause difficulties for those who are participating in new learning experiences. The majority of individuals will experience anxieties when faced with new learning. However for some the anxiety can be overwhelming and deeply affect the learning process. So how individuals learn is greatly influenced by emotion (Boud et al, 1994). In conclusion it can be seen that there are many areas of both personal and societal life which could benefit from the process of critical reflection. The whole notion of learning to learn seems to be an approach which encourages independent and self-directed learning. While there are many schools of thought on the process of CR, they all seem be directed at questioning the underlying assumptions and discourses which inform both individual and societal actions. It seems obvious from the various readings that critical reflection is often frowned upon as something which upsets the status quo of organisations. Reflection The subject that I have chosen to reflect on is how the Irish society continues to apply past solutions to present problems. If we look to the recent recession it is clear that the Irish government continue to take the approach of promoting competition and neo liberal policies as a solution to the current economic conditions. As Coulter Coleman (2003) argue the dominant discourse in Irish society suggests that  the economy is the mechanism which will bring about the greatest good for everyone concerned.  Ã‚   They contend that such a discourse is constructed by everyone within society.   Some discourses are so dominant that they almost seem to be natural and many fail to question them.   If we look to the Celtic Tiger in Ireland, there were various commentators suggesting that the country was in danger of a serious financial and economic crisis. Back in 2007 Bertie Ahern famously made the remark, that those who were moaning and cribbing about how the economy was being run sh ould commit suicide (Stafford, 2010).   The moaners and cribbers he was referring too were economists who were warning about the economy not being stable and the future crash of the economy.   Even though these economists were correct in their predictions the majority of Irish society sided with Bertie Ahern. As Friere (1998) suggests, the need to question dominant knowledge is a must, however in the Irish case when the dominant knowledge was questioned the individuals were ridiculed.  Ã‚   This fundamental aspect of Irish society needs to change.   Even in the current recession the government continues to suggest that the only way recover from the economic downturn is to remain competitive in the global world.  The dominant thinking involved here is just returning to the dominant thinking of the past which suggests the economy is going to correct all the ills of the country.   Even the EU/IMF bailout underwent very little critical analysis. The same commentators who were warning of the economic crisis during the Celtic Tiger collapse were all suggesting that there were alternatives which could have being taking. However just like the Celtic Tiger era, the government chose to follow a path without considering the long-term consequences. As Storey (2010) argues IMF bailouts in other countries have had disastrous consequences for those countries. By nature these bailouts seem to be extremely undemocratic. For example the IMF (an unelected external body) has a major influence on the development and implementation of national po licy. There was no referendum on this bailout and the general Irish public had very little say on whether or not the bailout was applied for. The presence of undemocratic rule seemed to be evident in Ireland a number of years before the IMF arrived in town. For instance the first referendum on the Lisbon Treaty was rejected by the Irish people, however the Irish government held a second referendum asking the question in a different way. Compared to other countries there was very little protest in relation to the bailout or austerity measures which were been implemented. Even when it was apparent that the government were lying for a number of days in relation to applying for a bailout, there was very little public outcry. While pole ratings suggested that the government were dropping in popularity, the level of protest was minimal. The question has to be asked, why the Irish public are so passive in relation to situations which will have serious consequences for their lives. One expl anation could be the lack of social solidarity. For instance Bauman (2000) argues that in modern society individuals are now defying their identity through the consumption of various goods and products. He argues that this creates a lack of social solidarity and creates a more individualistic society. It could be argued that the Celtic Tiger has created a society of consumers who are only concerned about their own needs. The Celtic Tiger period in Ireland is often seen as a period where individuals and groups were living extravagant and affluent lifestyles. It seems as though individuals in society are now more worried about their own needs and have very little concern for others. This may change once the true impact of the austerity measures hits home for various groups and individuals. It seems very evident from the recent budget that the most vulnerable in society are going to pay the highest price for the mistakes of the elite. It seems apparent that it is the underlying thinking and ideology in Irish society which needs to undergo a critical reflection. Both those in power and society as a whole need to consider what kind of society they want for both themselves and future generations. If the lack of protest in Ireland is anything to go by it seems as though individuals in Irish society have become self-interested and have very little concern for the more vulnerable in society. It may be worth introducing the process of critical reflection at an earlier age in schools in an attempt to create independent thinkers who are capable of challenging dominant discourse at both organisational and political level. However from my own experience of various social care settings and the education system such an ideal does not seem high on the agenda. It may suit those at the top to have a society which follows and does not question. Or it may be, that those at the top do not question their own motives. Either way, if I reland wishes to learn from the mistakes of the past, some form of questioning needs to occur at a societal, governmental and individual level. The recent recession provides a space for such questioning. Whether such questioning materialises at the level suggested in this reflection remains to be seen.

The Distinguished Works of the Preeminent Black Author, Ralph Ellison E

The Distinguished Works of the Preeminent Black Author, Ralph Ellison Ralph Ellison is one of the most lauded yet misunderstood writers of the twentieth century. Ellison is considered a short-story writer and an essayist at heart, but his most distinguished work is the novel, Invisible Man. Ellison has been called everything from "the greatest black American author" (Brennan) to unnecessarily "excessive" in his writing style ("Ralph Ellison: 1914-1994"). For the most part, Ellison is held in high regard in the literary community. The critical consensus on Ralph Ellison is that he is one of the most influential and passionate authors of his generation. Ralph Waldo Ellison was born on March 1, 1914 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma to Lewis Alfred Ellison and Ida Ellison (Kennedy and Gioia). From his birth, it seems Ellison was destined to become a writer; his father named him after the poet Ralph Waldo Emerson. Early in life, Ellison was influenced by his mother who was an ardent social activist (Kennedy and Gioia). Ellison was raised in a middle-class white neighborhood. After graduating from high school in Oklahoma, Ellison was awarded a scholarship to the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. Ellison left school early and moved to Harlem ("Ralph Ellison: 1914-1994"). It was here that he met two of his greatest early influences: the poet Langston Hughes and the novelist Richard Wright (Kennedy and Gioia). In the late 1930s and early 1940s, Ellison was primarily an essayist who was published in several American periodicals. It was in these early years that he wrote "King of the Bingo Game" and the Buster and Riley trilogy. In 1952, Ellison's In visible Man was published in what became his most notable work. Invisible Man won Ellison nume... ...riticism. Galen Group. 16 Apr. 2001 http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC/. Kennedy, X.J. and Dana Gioia. "Ralph Ellison: Biography." Literature Online 24 Apr. 2001 http://longman.awl.com/kennedy/ellison/biography.htm. Langman, F. H. "Reconsidering Invisible Man." Contemporary Literary Criticism. Gale Group. 17 April 2001 http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC/. Mitgang, Herbert. "Invisible Man, As Vivid Today as in 1952." Contemporary Literary Criticism. Gale Group. 16 Apr. 2001 http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC/. "Ralph Ellison: 1914-1994." Contemporary Literary Criticism. Gale Group. 16 April 2001 http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC/. Schor, Edith. "Ralph, Ellison, Journeyman: Three Early Stories." Contemporary Literary Criticism. Gale Group. 17 April 2001 http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC/.

Planning and Strategic Management Essay

Management Chapter 10 Planning and Strategic Management Planning Overview Importance of Goals: Goals provide a sense of direction Goals focus our efforts Goals guide our plans and decisions Goals help us evaluate our progress The importance of planning at organizations The Hierarchy of Organization Plans Strategic Plans – Plans designed to meet an organization’s board goals. Operational Plans – Plans that contain details for carrying out, or implementing, those strategic plans in day-to-day activities. How Strategic and Operational Plans Differ Strategic Plans Operational Plans Time Horizons Strategic plans tend to look ahead several years or even decades For Operational plans, a year is often the relevant time period Scope It affects a wide range of organizational activities It has a narrow and more limited scope Degree of Detail Strategic plans are stated in terms that look simplistic and generic Operational plans are stated in relatively finer detail The Evolution of the Concept of Strategy Strategy: The board program for defining and achieving an organization’s objectives; the organization’s response to its environment over time. Strategic Management: The management process that involves an organization’s engaging in strategic planning and then acting on those plans. for attaining objectives The process of seeking key ideas ( rather than routinely implementing existing policy); and How strategy is formulated, not Just what the strategy turns out to be The Strategic Management Approach Dan Schendel and Charles Hofer have suggested four key aspects of Strategic Management- 1) Goal Setting 2) Strategy Formulation 3) Administration 4) Strategic Control The Strategic Management process Strategic Planning – includes both the goal-setting and strategy-formulation processes. Strategy Implementation – involves with action based decisions. Levels of Strategy: Some key Distinctions Corporate-level strategy: Strategy formulated by top management to oversee the interests and operations of ultiline corporations. Business-unit strategy: Strategy formulated to meet the goals of a particular business; also called line-of- business strategy. Functional-level strategy: Strategy formulated by a specific functional area in an effort to carry out business- unit strategy. The Corporate Portfolio Approach Portfolio framework – An approach to corporate-level strategy advocated by the Boston Consulting group; also known as the BCG matrix.

Analysis Of The Great Gatsby Novel English Literature Essay Essay Example

Analysis Of The Great Gatsby Novel English Literature Essay Essay Example Analysis Of The Great Gatsby Novel English Literature Essay Paper Analysis Of The Great Gatsby Novel English Literature Essay Paper similar to that of Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway ( C. D. Merriman,2007 ) Fitzgerald s characters all had a deeper meaningA to theirA names ; they were nt merely randomly picked and put on a page. An illustration of this was Jordan Baker. Jordan s name represents the Jordan River located in Middle Eastern state Jordan. Harmonizing to, It is known for non being a really navigable ( The Columbia Encyclopedia,2006 ) , similar to Jordan in the novel, who was an perfectly atrocious driver and hence, unable to voyage her vehicle right. In add-on to giving his characters names that had deeper significances, he besides created characters that represented who he wanted to be in life and who he really was. The individual that he wanted to be was represented in Nick Carraway, the honest, good friend of Gatsby. Likewise, Jay Gatsby represented who Fitzgerald was in existent life. Although Fitzgerald tried really hard in his life to be like his character Carraway, he made errors and did some thin gs he was nt excessively proud of, merely like the things Gatsby did in the novel. Fitzgerald besides attended Oxford University for his collegiate old ages, similar to that of Jay Gatsby in the novel. This played a immense function in his positions during the novel, particularly apparent in Nick Carraway s sentiment of certain state of affairss. For illustration, when Nick attends the party with Myrtle and Tom at the flat in New York, he is perfectly aghast and outraged by the events that occurred at that place. This shows the readers that Nick felt the manner he did because he was raised otherwise than both Tom and Myrtle. This besides show s Fitzgerald s position on the events by the manner he portrayed Nick s reaction. These are merely some of the ways that Fitzgerald added his personal life into his novel. A A A A A A A A A A A One major character in the novel was Jay Gatsby, besides known as James Gatz. Harmonizing to Sparknotes, Gatsby was a immature adult male, around 30 old ages old, who rose from an destitute childhood in rural North Dakota to go fantastically affluent ( Sparknotes, 2010 ) .A Throughout the novel, Gatsby is known as a good individual at bosom, which was chiefly said by Nick Carraway, ( Fitzgerald, Scott, F The Great Gatsby ) . His good bosom was shown when he would make anything for love. This love in the novel was for Daisy Buchanan, the married woman of Tom Buchanan. Gatsby proved that for Daisy, anything was possible, which got him into a great trade of problem a batch of times, particularly towards the terminal of the novel. Gatsby even changed his name from James Gatz to Jay Gatsby to affect her or do the prevarication he told her about him being wealthy more concrete ( Schmoop University,2010 ) . Once he met Daisy, he realized he wanted to be affluent an d have Daisy for himself. The name James Gatz represented the hapless manner he was raised in North Dakota. The hapless manner he was raised was with really small money, unlike that of Daisy. Gatsby besides represented who Fitzgerald genuinely was as a individual. Both work forces tried their best to be good people, but failed more times than non. Gatsby s name besides had a deeper significance, like bulk of the characters in the novel. Gatsby greatly resembles the word beget, which, harmonizing ( Dictionary,2010 ) means to do ; produce as an consequence . In the novel, Gatsby believed that money beget power, and hence control over any scenario. He wanted Daisy, so he believed that when he became rich, the fact that she was married and had a kid would all vanish and they could be together. This unluckily for Gatsby, did nt go on. Gatsby s name besides has another significance to it. His name is really slang word for handgun, or rod ( Potpourri, 2007 ) It s dry that Fitzgerald na med Gatsby what he did, because a handgun was the very thing that ended Jay Gatsby s life. A A A A A A A A A A A Another major character in the novel was the storyteller, Nick Carraway. Nick shared his personal sentiment in many events that he narrated in the novel. He was said to possess the Cardinal value, or virtuousness of justness, otherwise known as honestness, which no other character throughout the novel possessed. Because of his honestness, many characters, such as Jordan Baker and Jay Gatsby, confided in him with their secrets. For illustration, when Myrtle Wilson was hit by a auto, it was Jay Gatsby that told Nick that Daisy did it and non himself ( Schmoop University, 2010 ) . No other character knew that Daisy was the 1 that hit Myrtle, because in the terminal, George Wilson shoots Gatsby because he blames Gatsby for his married woman s decease ( Michigan State University, 2010 ) . This is what made Nick such a suited storyteller for the novel ; it was his truthfulness, irrespective of the state of affairs, that made the narrative what it was. Nick s moralss b esides contributed mostly to what his personality was. Nick did the right thing, even when the right thing was nt clear or when no 1 was looking. He besides did nt justice people, like several other characters in the novel did ; he acted as though he was simply a newsman describing a scene, and nil more. ( Ovtg, 2010 ) Nick besides represents a portion of Fitzgerald ; the portion being who Fitzgerald wished he could be. Fitzgerald wished he could be as unagitated, honest and nonjudgmental as Nick. This evidently was nt true all the clip, because Gatsby, who Fitzgerald truly was, was nil like Nick. They were more or less antonyms. A A A A A A A A A A A The concluding major character in the novel was Daisy Faye Buchanan, the married woman of Tom Buchanan and the major love involvement of Jay Gatsby. She was partly based off of Zelda Fitzgerald, the married woman of Scott Fitzgerald ( Sparknotes,2010 ) . She is besides known in Sparknotes as a beautiful immature adult female from Louisville . Because of Daisy s utmost beauty, she could fundamentally hold anything she wanted, yet she was still unhappy with certain things in her life. For illustration, at her nuptials, the ceremonial, party, and every facet of it was expansive and seemed perfect. On the other manus, her matrimony was the exact antonym of the nuptials ; it was cold, and progressive. The imperfectnesss were shown when throughout the novel, Tom has an matter with Myrtle Wilson, the married woman of George Wilson. The ground she married Tom is absolutely described Thomas Parke DInvilliers, whose is quoted in the beginning of the novel by stating Th en have on the gold chapeau, if that will travel her ; If you can resile high, bounciness for her excessively, Till she cry Lover, gold-hatted, high-bouncing lover, I must hold you! . Basically, Daisy wanted a affluent adult male who had a batch of toys or things. The wealth would do it so her hubby could pass a great trade of money on her, which she thought would take to her felicity for the remainder of her life. To her, Tom was the gold-hatted, high-bouncing lover , and when she foremost met Gatsby, he was hapless, and even though she loved him, she married Tom alternatively because he had the money that she ever wanted. In world, it s clear that Daisy wants to state Tom that she does nt love him any longer and she d give up her life of luxury and go forth to be happy with Gatsby, but she wo nt, because she wants the money Tom offers. So even though he has his personal businesss, she does nt care, because he s rich. Like every other character in the novel, Daisy s name has a deeper significance, or instead her in-between name does. Her in-between name, Faye, is named after a white and xanthous flower ( tvtopes, 2010 ) . The flower is white on the outside and xanthous on the interior. The white represents Daisy s childhood and her pureness during that clip. The yellow, on the other manus, represents corruptness ; intending the things that happened past her childhood were non so pure. She was besides partly based off of Zelda Fitzgerald, the married woman of Scott Fitzgerald ( Sparknotes, 2010 ) . Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda at the immature age of 18, similar to Daisy and Gatsby ( PBS,2010 ) . Fitzgerald was nt rich plenty for Zelda s gustatory sensation, so she quickly broke off the battle. This is like when Daisy did nt wait for Gatsby when he went off to war. Later in Fitzgerald s life, he met up with Zelda once more, but this clip he was rich and had many written plants. Zelda and Fitzgerald married within the hebdomad of this happening. That is where it s different than Gatsby and Daisy. But the similarities are at that place ; both Zelda and Daisy left the work forces they apparently loved because they were nt affluent. A A A A A A A A A A A There was really small unfavorable judgment in respects to The Great Gatsby in my sentiment, but there were a few distinguishable things. The first is the representation of the corruptness American dream. In the novel, it s clear that Jay Gatsby represents the failed American dream, but I feel that the novel as a whole represents the corruptness that s present in the American dream every bit good as the failure. The following is the intoxicant and sex that were present in the novel. Many times, the characters took topographic point in less than pure activities. An illustration is the party that Nick attends with Tom and Myrtle in the New York flat. There is imbibing, and hence intoxicated people, and there is an matter that takes topographic points between Myrtle and Tom. Both are married to different people. This is really impure for the both of them and besides for the fresh itself. Another clip is every clip a party is mentioned at Gatsby s sign of the zodiac or house, there were ever dozenss of rummy people. The last thing is the immoral characters. Basically every character, excepting Nick, was immoral or impure in some manner. Tom and Myrtle were immoral because of their matter, George was immoral because he killed Gatsby, Jordan was because she lied invariably and Gatsby was because he was a hypocritical and bogus individual. A A A A A A A A A A A In decision, the Great Gatsby had many absorbing characteristics every bit good as characters that made the novel every bit great as it was. The character of Daisy Buchanan showed philistinism in people in the 1920 s. However, this can be related to people in today s twenty-four hours and age every bit good. There was besides Nick Carraway, who presented the narrative with non merely a storyteller, but an honest individual among bogus prevaricators. Jay Gatsby besides played a immense function in the novel, being that he was the chief character. His emotions that seemed to find the determinations he made in his life dictated the flow of the novel s secret plan several times. After all, the novel was written about his life. The novel was besides full of biographical information, although it was nt ever obvious all the things Fitzgerald put into the novel, such as the character names. Along with biographical information, there was a batch of historical information as good. Fitzgerald tied several people, topographic points, and even events from the 1920 s epoch to supply a good scene and plot line. Last, a movie of the Great Gatsby was released in 1974 having stars like Robert Redford and Mia Farrow. Overall it was a great version of the film, but it had some distinguishable differences. The differences, which ranged from being every bit minor as a character line changed, to as big and utmost as a secret plan alteration, created differences between the film and the novel. The clip difference between when the novel was written in the mid 1920 s, and the film, which was produced in the mid 1970 s was the chief part to all the differences. The difference in clip periods created clangs in positions every bit far as the 1920 s were concerned, which was when the scene was. Of class there were similarities between the two, like the decision and general secret plan thought. Therefore, the Great Gatsby is a great American novel and is extremely recom mended.

Book evaluation of The Chocolate War By Robert Cormier essays

Book evaluation of The Chocolate War By Robert Cormier essays The Chocolate War, Cormier, Robert, Laurel-Leaf Books, 1974, 191 p. Time: The early to late 1970s. Jerry Jerry is a boy who has just lost his mother, and is now told he must sell chocolates at school. He doesnt want to and tells them such. As a result he must face the consequences from his fellow students. Archie Archie is the leader of a gang called the Vigils. He gives assignments to the various boys and plays with their minds. He even in a way has control over some of the teachers. It is this control that keeps him out of harms way and away from any consequences he might have to face. Emile Janza Emile is a bully who is the muscle of the Vigils. He is the one chosen to intimidate Jerry and beat him up. Obie Obie is the secretary of the Vigils. He keeps track of everything about every student. He tries to bring down Archie but does not succeed. Carter Carter is the president of the Vigils. He does not agree with everything Archie does and has doubts that the chocolate sale will work. Brother Leon Brother Leon is a faculty member who has illegally spent school money on the chocolates. He enlists Archies help to get the Vigils to assist in selling the chocolates. He is cowardly and has no backbone. Roland Goubert Rouland or the Goober, is Jerrys ally and tries to stick by him, but is not there for critical moments for Jerry. Jerry Renault is a freshman, 14 years old, and his mother has just died. He is trying out for the freshman football team as well. He is given an assignment by Archie and the Vigils to refuse to sell chocolates 50 boxes. Jerry refuses and as a result starts an entire chain of events that leads to his attempted ...

2014 Gubernatorial Campaign Plan for James Walker Research Paper

2014 Gubernatorial Campaign Plan for James Walker - Research Paper Example Big Jim is married with two children and is currently a resident of San Antonio City, the second largest city in Texas and the administrative capital of Bexar County. While in High school, Walker demonstrated good interpersonal and leadership skills and he consequently served in a number of leadership positions. These positions not only gave him the necessary leadership skills but also widened his eyes to public service. After completing his law degree at Virginia School of law in 1986, He served briefly as a Texas Ranger before he became a renowned business man in Bexar County. As a former Ranger, Jim Walker acquired the characters associated with rangers such as determination, courage, dedication, integrity and respect for others. Finally as an active Republican activist, Mr. Walker has also been elected to chair several committees and has been in the fore front campaigning for the enactment of several statues benefiting majority of the citizens in Texas. The republican candidate i s currently considered as one of the ideal gubernatorial candidates of the year 2014 many people across the political divide. James Walker (Big Jim). Regional and cultural support With regard to the regional and cultural diversity of the modern state of Texas, our campaign plan will take into account the varying needs of various regions and cultures across the vast State. The main regions of Texas such as the Big Bend County, Panhandle plains, Prairies, Gulf Coast and the Pineywoods among other regions all have significant variations with regard to their economic activities and interests. Each of the regions is distinguished by different levels of prosperity, types of monetary activity, different political cultures, racial and cultural mix. Furthermore, East Texas and West Texas both are Texan, but have differences not only with each other but also from South Texas and Urban Texas. Generally the complex interplay between the diverse cultural, economic, historical, geographic and ins titutional as well as the social forces has continued to define the politics of Texas particularly the regional and cultural support for the candidates of various political offices in the State (Drake, 2011). Mr. James Walker is likely to experience some problems in his campaigns in regions such as Urban Texas which generally have greater economic activity and are known to favor candidates who favor economic liberalism. The other regions where Mr. Walker will also have an uphill task include South Texas Plains and Big Bend Country. This is because many voters believe Republicans are unlikely to enact economic liberalization policies since Republicans are considered to be conservatives. Consequently most of the Urban Texas regions have always been known to lean towards Democrats because their policies advocate for more economic liberalization. As a politician who favors social conservatism, Walker will most likely do well in the rural regions of Texas where many people favor politici ans who advocate for the restoration of traditional moralism and values. Additionally the Republican Party has strong influence in regions like Panhandle plains and Hill Country and therefore the people of these regions are most likely to vote Big James and people who pursue Individualistic political culture such as Mr. James Walker. Demographic support Demographic variation will also play a sign9ificant role in the2014 gubernatorial campaigns of James Walker. This is particularly with regard to the fact that the vast territory with a culturally diverse population that consist of people with various ethnic and racial backgrounds (Scharrer, 2011). Texas has a diverse demographic

Does My Generation Have a Role in America's Future Essay

Does My Generation Have a Role in America's Future - Essay Example I believe that my generation has a role to play in America’s future. My generation has a role to play in America’s future in the sense that it is a generation which continues to engage itself in new technology and innovations which make life easier for millions of Americans. We are a generation which continues to explore the latest technologies – technologies – which make tasks easier and more efficient to undertake (BBC News, 2). These technologies also make tasks faster and less energy consuming. Considering the fact that production lines often take up more of our natural resources on a daily basis, technological innovations which consume less energy and which accomplish tasks efficiently are important novelties in securing a sustainable future. We have a role to play in America’s future because we, more than any other generation, have a greater affinity to these technologies (BBC News, 2-3). We understand its usage more than our older counterpart s, and we are eager to embrace these technologies and their implications in our daily activities. Moreover, we are eager to learn more and explore more of these technologies and to consider where they can take us (BBC News, 2-4). These technological innovations also come in the form of digital technology. I have a role in America’s future because further developments in digital technology will be continuously introduced in our society (van’tHooft, p. 2). This digital technology will be easier for us to utilize because, from our earliest years in the academe, this technology will be used as medium of instruction. Digital technology will become a major part of our life and our primary means of conducting transactions, business, and other activities. The older generation would likely be having a more difficult time adjusting to the use of digital

Write a documented ARGUMENT essay for or against illegal immigrants

Write a documented ARGUMENT for or against illegal immigrants receiving social services for example food stamps welfare medical care or financial aid for school - Essay Example This essay points against the illegal migrants receiving social status and other well-beings. Limited legal migration to United States of America is desirable until it takes a longer time to assimilate immigrant population into American culture and values making them American citizens instead of immigrants with foreign nationalities. However, the flow is so steep that the country is even called "nation of immigrants" and is being challenged by globalization, which is making terrorism much easier. The biggest challenge for policymakers is distinguishing illusory immigration problems from real problems. One thing is quite clear: If this drastic situation continues, Native Americans will no longer plays pivotal role in the countries economy. The various efforts of members of congress have focused on a wide variety of changes in current policy, including improving border security, strengthening employer verification, establishing a new temporary guest worker program, and offering some level of amnesty to illegal immigrants currently living in the United States. That will surely promote the living status of original nationalities. . The steep increase in the immigration flow has corresponded with steady and substantial reductions in unemployment from 7.3 percent to 5.1 percent over the past two decades.

Customer Satisfaction Of Airtel & Grameenphone Essay Example for Free

Customer Satisfaction Of Airtel Grameenphone Essay 1. Introduction The introduction of the telecommunication sector has been pretty late in Bangladesh compared to that of the neighboring countries. The mobile telecommunication service has been doubling on an annual basis over the last two or three years. Now-a-days there are six mobile phone operators in the country with Grameen phone, Robi, Teletalk, Banglalink, Airtel and Citycell. They are offering different new package and offers different value added services to satisfy the customers ‘demands. Customer satisfaction is a fundamental marketing construct in the last three decades. In the past, it was unpopular and unaccepted concept because companies thought it was more important to gain new customers than retain the existing ones. However, in this present decade, companies have gained better understanding of the importance of customer satisfaction (especially service producing companies) and adopted it as a high priority operational goal. Customer satisfaction, a term frequently used in marketing, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as the number of customers, or percentage of total customers, whose reported experience with a firm, its products, or its services (ratings) exceeds specified satisfaction goals. People in Bangladesh are becoming busy day by day and more professional than previous. They need to share more information to each other because demography has changed due to the era of globalization. Mobile phone has introduced a tremendous change in the communication sector in our country. It has changed the communication structure also. People in various occupations and income levels are using mobile phone intensively for their occupational purpose and personal purpose as well. 1.1 Basic information The telecom sector of Bangladesh began its journey with land phone. Then SEBA was the first company to bring cellular telephone services. The telecom sector has completely changed both in terms of coverage and efficiency of services. Cellular telephone services have achieved great commercial success. For most firms, the preeminent goal is to maximize the value of the  firm for its owners or shareholders. Increasing competition (whether for-profit or nonprofit) is forcing businesses to pay much more attention to satisfy customers. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables, which correlate with satisfaction behaviors. For this majority of the firms is trying to be a customer-oriented, customer- focused, or even-customer driven enterprise. Airtel is one of the late movers in telecommunication sector of Bangladesh. And like all other telecom companies, it is trying hard to penetrate the market and get a hold of significant market share t hrough their valued customers. 1.2 Background information Airtel Bangladesh Ltd. is a GSM-based cellular operator in Bangladesh.Airtel is the sixth mobile phone carrier to enter the Bangladesh market, andoriginally launched commercial operations under the brand name WaridTelecom on May 10, 2007. Warid Telecom International LLC, an Abu Dhabi basedconsortium, sold a majority 70% stake in the company to Indias Bharti AirtelLimited for US$300 million. Bharti Airtel Limited took management control of thecompany and its board, and rebranded the companys services under its ownAirtel brand from December 20, 2010. The Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission approved the deal on Jan 4, 2010. Grameenphone widely known as GP, is the leading telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh. With more than 46.04 million subscribers (as of September 2013), Grameenphone is the largest mobile phone operator in the country. It is a joint venture enterprise between Telenor and Grameen Telecom Corporation, a non-profit sister concern of the interna tionally acclaimed microfinance organization and community development bank Grameen Bank. Telenor, the largest telecommunications company in Norway, owns 55.8% shares of Grameenphone, Grameen Telecom owns 34.2% and the remaining 10% is publicly held. Grameenphone was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh. It also established the first 24-hour Call Center to support its subscribers. With the slogan Go Beyond, Grameenphone promises its customers to bring the best of communication technologies so that they can Go Beyond. 1.3 Objective of the report The objective of the report is divided into two parts. They are specific and  broad objectives. The specific and broad objective of this report is given below: 1. Broad Objective: The broad objective of this report is to find out the customer satisfaction level of Airtel Grameenphone customers. 2. Specific Objectives: The specific objectives will be To find out specific areas of satisfaction of Airtel Grameenphone users To figure out specific areas of dissatisfaction of Airtel Grameenphone users To know the overall satisfaction level of the customers To figure out possible improvement sectors to reduce dissatisfaction To know the better service provider between this two companies 1.4 Literature Review Airtel is the 6th mobile phone carrier to enter the Bangladesh market and launched commercial operation on May 10, 2007. Indias bharti Airtel limited bought 70% share of Warid telecom international. This is the largest investment in Bangladesh made by an Indian company. Airtel offers both prepaid and postpaid connections with lots of diversified packages to its customers. It also offers massive value added services to its subscribers. Below is a description of timeline of Warid Telecom in Bangladesh, Bharti Airtel and its taking over Warid: In December 2005, Warid Telecom International paid US$ 50 million to obtain a GSM license from the BTRC and became the sixth mobile phone operator in Bangladesh. In a press conference on August 17, 2006, Warid announced that its network would be activated two months ahead of schedule, in October, 2006. Again in October, 2006 Warid Telecom put off the launch of its cell phone services in Bangladesh until April, 2007 after its major supplier Nokia w alked out on an agreement over a payment dispute. Warid had a soft launch at the end of January 2007. It gave away complimentary subscriptions among a selected group of individuals, whose job was to make test calls and the operator adjusted its networks quality based on their comments. On May 9, 2007, Warid in an advertisement in some daily newspaper stated that it would be launching publicly on May 10, 2007. However, no call rate or any package details were revealed. The advertisement included an announcement for the people interested to buy Warid connections to bring the documents like ID card, etc., to the  designated franchise and customer care centers. On October 1, 2007, Warid Telecom expanded its network to five more districts raising total number of districts under Warid coverage to 56, said a press release. Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Sherpur, Rajbari and Narail towns were covered by Warid network. On November 10, 2007, 61 districts under Warid network coverage. On June 10, 2008, Warid Telecom expanded its network to 3 more districts Bandarban, Khagrachhari and Rangamati. Now all 64 districts of Bangladesh are under Warid network coverage meaning Warid Telecom now has nationwide coverage. On December 20, 2010, Warid Telecom was rebranded to Airtel. Bharti Airtel Limited is commonly known as Airtel. It is an Indian telecommunications company that operates in 20 countries across South Asia, Africa and the Channel Islands. It operates a GSM network in all countries, providing 2G, 3G and 4G services depending upon the country of operation. Airtel is the third largest telecom operator in the world with over 243.336 million customers across 20 countries as of March 2012. It is the largest cellular service provider in India, with over 181 million subscribers at the end of March 2012. Airtel is the third largest in-country mobile operator by subscriber base, behind China Mobile and China Unicom. Airtel is the largest provider of mobile telephony and second largest provider of fixed telephony in India, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services. It offers its telecom services under the Airtel brand, and is headed by Sunil Bharti Mittal. Bharti Airtel is the first Indian telecom service provider to achieve Cisco Gold Certification. It also acts as a carrier for national and international long distance communication services. The company has a submarine cable landing station at Chennai, which connects the submarine cable connecting Chennai and Singapore. Airtel is known for being the first mobile phone company in the world to outsource all of its business operations except marketing, sales and finance. Its network—base stations, microwave links, etc.—is maintained by Ericsson, Nokia Siemens Network and Huawei, and business support is provided by IBM, and transmission towers are maintained by another company (Bharti Infratel Ltd. in India). Ericsson agreed for the first time to be paid by the minute for installation and maintenance of their equipment rather than being paid up front, which allowed Airtel to provide low call rates. Bharti Airtel began its journey in Bangladesh in December 2010 when it acquired 70 percent stock  of Warid Telecom of Abu Dhabi Group. So, it can be said that Airtel Bangladesh has just completed its maiden year in the country. And within this period of time, the operator has also created a vast job opportunity in diverse segments of the organization and as of August 2013, Airtel Bangladesh has 7.97 million subscribers with 7.3% of market share. Before Grameenphone’s inception, the phone was for a selected urbanized few. The cell phone was a luxury: a flouting accessory for the select elite.The mass could not contemplate mobile telephony as being part of their lives. Grameenphone started its journey with the Village Phone program: a pioneering initiative to empower rural women of Bangl adesh. The name Grameenphone translates to â€Å"Rural phone†. Starting its operations on March 26, 1997, the Independence Day of Bangladesh, Grameenphone has come a long way. Grameenphone pioneered the then breakthrough initiative of mobile to mobile telephony and became the first and only operator to cover 98% of the country’s people with network The idea of providing universal mobile phone access throughout Bangladesh, including its rural areas, was originally conceived by Iqbal Quadir, who is currently the founder and director of the Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship at MIT. He was inspired by the Grameen Bank microcredit model and envisioned a business model where a cell phone can serve as a source of income. After leaving his job as an investment banker in the United States, Quadir traveled back to Bangladesh, after meeting and successfully raising money from New York based investor and philanthropist Joshua Mailman, and worked for three years gaining s upport from various organizations including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus of Grameen Bank and the Norwegian telephone company, Telenor. He was finally successful in forming a consortium with Telenor and Grameen Bank to establish Grameenphone. Quadir remained a shareholder of Grameenphone until 2004. Grameenphone received a license for cellular phone operation in Bangladesh from the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications on November 28, 1996. Grameenphone started operations on March 26, 1997, the Independence Day in Bangladesh. Grameenphone originally offered a mobile-to-mobile connectivity (widely known as GP-GP connection), which created a lot of enthusiasm among the users. It became the first operator to reach the million subscriber milestone as well as ten million subscriber milestone in Bangladesh. Since its inception Grameenphone has built the  largest cellular network in the country with over 8500 base stations . Presently, nearly 99 percent of the countrys population is within the coverage area of the Grameenphone network. Grameenphone has always been a pioneer in introducing new products and services in t he local telecom market. GP was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh when it launched its services in March 1997. Grameenphone was also the first telecommunication operator in Bangladesh to introduce the pre-paid service in September 1999. It established the first 24-hour Call Center, introduced value-added services such as VMS, SMS, fax and data transmission services, international roaming service, WAP, SMS-based push-pull services, EDGE, personal ring back tone and many other products and services. In October 2013 the company launched 3G services commercially. The entire Grameenphone network is 3G/EDGE/GPRS enabled, allowing access to high-speed Internet and data services from anywhere within the coverage area. There are currently over 7 million 3G/EDGE/GPRS users in the Grameenphone network. Today, Grameenphone is the leading and largest telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh with more than 47.64 million subscribers as of January 2014. Grameenphone has so far invested more than BDT 24,300 crore to build the network infrastructure Grameenphone is one of the largest taxpayers in the country, having contributed more than BDT 35,500 crore in direct and indirect taxes to the Government Exchequer over the years. There are now more than 1600 GP Service Desks across the country covering nearly all upazilas of all districts and 94 Grameenphone Centers in all the divisional cities Grameenphone has about 5000 full and temporary employees. 300,000 people are directly dependent on Grameenphone for their livelihood, working for the Grameenphone dealers, retailers, scratch card outlets, suppliers, vendors, contractors and others. In this report we tried to discuss the comparative analysis of Airtel 7 Grameenphone over the customers. 2. Research Method 2.1 Data sources †¢ There are two types of data sources are used to obtain the required information. 2.1.1 Primary Data †¢ Direct interview though a survey questionnaire 2.1.2 Secondary data †¢ Commercial websites of Airtel Grameenphone †¢ Online articles on telecommunication sector †¢ Previously conducted research papers on different issues of telecommunication Company‟s magazines, brochures, etc. 2.2. Method of collecting data 2.2.1 Selecting Sample The population of this study are customers of Airtel Bangladesh Grameenphone and we took interview 120 person of different age group in our study. We targeted different people from different age group. The target population were divided among following age groups- 18-30 years 60 30-50 years 30 50-70 years 20 70- above years – 10 2.2.2 Procedure of data collection After determining the target population and sampling frame we were looking forward to conduct the survey for collecting the information. As our extent of the target population was preplanned and structured, therefore, we did not have any trouble to collect the information from the fieldwork. Whenever we found a student who was sitting idle or gossiping with their friends we went to them, cordially introduced ourselves and asked them whether they were using airtel or GP. After receiving a positive response, we provided a questionnaire form and asked them to participate in the survey. Fortunately, no one denied participating in the survey because it did not take more than four minutes to finish. Moreover, every respondent was looking enthusiastic in taking part and some of them were very cooperative and supportive. They also assisted us to find out active airtel GP users. By this way, we collected data from 100 respondents. Rest 20 set of questionnaires were given to my friends and th e neighbors who were the Airtel or GP users. 2.2.3 Method of analyzing data After completing the research survey, we started the data preparation for the project. As soon as we received the questionnaires from the field I kept all the information in Microsoft Excel program. Since, this is a descriptive  research and the data analysis should be done quantitatively. For this reason, we used MS Excel software because we have enough insights of using this program. In the beginning portion of the questionnaire, there were some general questions to aware of the some information about the respondents, for instances, gender, age, duration of the network age and some direct question related to their usage pattern. This information is analyzed collectively rather than individually. Here, no statistical tools have been used. The next section of the questionnaire contains 13 statements. Each of the statements has been arranged in such a way which is directly related to the customer satisfaction factors. 2.3 Limitations of the study The survey is subjected to the bias and prejudices of the respondents. Hence 100% accuracy can’t be assured. The researcher was carried out in a short span of time, where in the researcher could not widen the study. The study could not be generalized due to the fact that researcher adapted personal interview method. It is so difficult to survey questionnaire among target samples. 3. Result Discussions: Findings 3.1. Findings on respondents’ analysis The general analysis of the 120 samples is presented in this section. The main objective of the respondents‟ analysis is to get the overview about respondents. Here, respondent‟s gender, age limit, duration of their network, and usage pattern, etc. have been discussed briefly. There is no statistical tool used to analysis the respondent’s overview because this information will not affect directly to the customer satisfaction factors. For collecting data from the field, the research survey has been conducted among 80 male and 40 female users of airtel GP users. Thus, the ratio of male user is 60% and the ratio of female user is 40%. We have conducted the research on 18-30 years 60 30-50 years 30 50-70 years 20 70- above years 10 From this scenario, it can be said that most of the airtel is more polular in  urban areas in young generation. There were also two direct questions asked to the respondents to know the reason of using Airtel and to know which of the value added services are used by the respondents. Research findings show that 40% of the respondents use airtel only for the lower cost. 20% of the respondents use airtel for the highest FnF benefits. 10% of the respondents said they are using airtel for low on-net tariffs. 30% of the respondents use GP for network, voice quality and for the brand image. 3.2 Findings on questionnaire analysis 1. How many sim do you use? Most of the respondents use 1 sim. Rest others use 2 sims for various purposes. 2. Which company’s sim you are using now? Most of the respondents use Airtel. Those who use 2 sims, they have Grameenphone, teletalk, Robi Banglalink sim. 3. What is the reason behind of your choice? Most of the Airtel users use Airtel for the lower call rate. Grameenphone users use it for better network service. 4. Who is following better business strategy? Most of the Airtel users think Airtel is following better business strategy at this moment to attract new young generation. Grameenphone users think GP should obtain more attractive business strategy to retain the existing customers as well as draw interest to new customers. 5. Who provides more facility for their customers? In this question, most of them think Grameenphone is providing more facilities to its customers. With their network, service customer care outlet around the country Grameenphone is far better than Airtel. 6. Who is more responsible for social welfare?  Most of the respondents expressed that being the most popular largest telecom company, Grameenphone is contributing more for social welfare of Bangladesh. 7. Call Rate  Most of the respondents are satisfied with the call rate of Airtel. Few of them think it is moderate. On the other hand, most of the respondents think call rate of Grameenphone is highly expensive. They are dissatisfied with this. 8. Service.  In service issue, most of the respondents feel moderate with the Airtel service but Grameenphone have many satisfied clients in this regard. 9. Network.  In network issue, Airtel has dissatisfied customers. The respondents are not satisfied at all with the striggling network of Airtel. On the other hand Grameenphone is reigning the telecom scenario with their operative network. 10. Bonus Offer.  The respondents are satisfied with the endless bonus offers of Airtel. Most of them are agreed with that. Contrariwise Grameenphone’s bonus offers are not so much satisfactory to its clients. 11. Bundle Offer.  Most of the respondents are satisfied with the bundle offers of Airtel. A small number of them are moderate with that. Inversely the bundle offers of Grameenphone are dissatisfactory to its clients. 12. Which company’s sim you will suggest for using to your friends? 60% of the respondents told that they will suggest Airtel sim to their friends. Rest of them stated that they will recommend Grameenphone to their friends. 3.3 Best According to Customers 3.4 Reasons of the First Choice: Grameenphone 3.5 Reasons of the First Choice: Airtel 3.6 Competitive Advantage of Grameenphone Airtel 3.7 Customers Recommendations In the respondent‟s opinion and suggestion section, 12 respondents did not put any opinion. However, rest 108 of the respondents shared their valuable opinion regarding Airtel Grameenphone services and those are given below accordingly: Most of the respondents suggested Airtel to upgrade its network coverage as soon as possible. The also suggested Grameenphone to reduce the  call rate. Some respondents also suggested to: Stop sending unwanted SMS Reduce VAS tariffs Increase the validity for bonus talk time Offer attractive handset bundle package